Search results for "sport sector"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Implementation of a comprehensive ice crystal formation parameterization for cirrus and mixed-phase clouds in the EMAC model (based on MESSy 2.53)
2018
A comprehensive ice nucleation parameterization has been implemented in the global chemistry-climate model EMAC to improve the representation of ice crystal number concentrations (ICNCs). The parameterization of Barahona and Nenes (2009, hereafter BN09) allows for the treatment of ice nucleation taking into account the competition for water vapour between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation in cirrus clouds. Furthermore, the influence of chemically heterogeneous, polydisperse aerosols is considered by applying one of the multiple ice nucleating particle parameterizations which are included in BN09 to compute the heterogeneously formed ice crystals. BN09 has been modified in order to co…
Using AHP methodology for prioritizing the actions in the transport sector in the frame of SECAPs
2020
The drafting of the Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, required for the local authorities joining the Covenant of Mayors initiative, is an opportunity to plan actions reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector. Choosing the measures to implement requires the application of a methodology that compares them, considering costs and impacts in terms of energy consumption, emissions reduction, and social benefits. The paper aims to develop a method based on the typical approach of the Analytical Hierarchy Process, supporting decisions in the transport sector in the frame of the drafting of SECAP. The method allows determining the priority actions and the optimal allocation…
Grounds and Challenges for Implementing a Circular Economy in the European Road transport Sector
2017
Environmental challenges, especially in the form of resource depletion, pollution and greenhouse gas emission, are very important challenges for the socio-economic development. For this reason, the concept of a circular economy has been developed and is being implemented in different areas. In 2015, the European Union adopted the Circular Economy Package consisting of an “EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy”, presenting a set of actions aimed at achieving objectives of the circular economy in Europe. The goal of the paper is to describe and discuss key challenges facing implementation of the concept of the circular economy in the European road transport sector. First, the concept of a c…
A Hybrid AHP Approach and GIS-Based Methods as Fundamental Tools in the SECAP’s Decision-Making Process
2023
Adapting to climate change and mitigating its impacts are the main challenges for cities today. One objective that the European Commission has set in recent decades is reducing climate change inaction, and several political actions have been implemented. Among these actions, the Covenant of Mayors led to the development and adoption of Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs) by many cities worldwide. A challenge that local authorities must face during the development of a SECAP is the identification of the policies to be included in the plan. This paper presents a case study to show the validity of using a hybrid analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach and various geographic …
The interaction between intermittent renewable energy and the electricity, heating and transport sectors
2012
In a global perspective, it is essential that the world transfers from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources in order to minimise climate change effects. As a part of such transition energy savings are also important, as they can decrease production costs effectively. The nature of such a change is that it has to be implemented on a local level. Energy saving technologies are placed with the demand decrease and renewable energy is typically distributed where the resources are. In some parts of the world, energy savings have resulted in a stabilisation of the energy demands, however in the world as such, demands are still increasing in buildings, transport and industry. Although the deman…
Dalītās ekonomikas ietekme uz tajā ieinteresētajām personām Eiropas transporta nozarē
2019
Šis pētījums izceļ jaunā patēriņa veida ieskatu; ekonomiku. Šī parādība ir salīdzinoši jauna, un ir grūti novērtēt tā lielumu, kā arī tās pašreizējās un nākotnes sekas. Transporta nozare ir viena no ietekmīgākajām jomām. Tas ir iemesls, kāpēc mērķis ir vislabāk definēt fenomenu, novērot tās patieso attīstību un to personu perspektīvu, kas piedalās šajā ekonomikā un kuri ir dalībnieki. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir saprast, kam dalīšanas ekonomika ir visrentablākā, un kādas ir šīs jaunās ekonomikas sekas tās tuvajām un mazāk tuvajām ieinteresētajām personām Eiropā. Pat bez dalības tajā, efektu var sajust pozitīvi vai negatīvi. Tā…
Professionalization of the Finnish voluntary sports sector : case study of the Tennis Club of Jyväskylä 1993-2016
2018
Professionalization of sports is an on-going phenomenon. Voluntary sports clubs have been based on the values of amateurism. Recently, the trend of professionalization has had effects on the voluntary sports sector. The main aim of the thesis is to explore, describe, understand, and highlight the development, changes, and challenges of the Tennis Club of Jyväskylä (JTS) while moving towards professionalism from 1993 to 2016. At the end, the goal of the study is to enhance our understanding of the voluntary sports club´s operational environment. Qualitative research method, a case study, was used in this study. The data of the study was collected through semi-structured interviews with five …
IEL.20-21- Unit 9. The European Green Deal
2021
International Environmental Law. Unit 9. The European Green Deal (I). Powerpoint of the Academic course 2020-2021. The European Green Deal (I). 1. Suppliying clean, affordable and secure energy. 1.1. Legal basis. 1.2. Specific provisions. 1.3. Current political framework of Energy policy. 1.4. Governance. 1.5. Thoughts on Hydrogen?. 2. Mobilising industry for a clean and circular economy. 2.1. Changes in the EU industry. 2.2. What is the circular economy about? 3. Accelerating the shift to sustainable and smart mobility. 3.1. GHG within the transport sector. 3.2. Milestones (I). 3.3. Milestones (II).
Aiuti di Stato all’interno di uno stesso gruppo societario: profili sostanziali e processuali
2022
The essay deals with a State aid case between companies belonging to the same corporate group. To clarify the concepts of ‘State resources’ and the misure imputable to the State, the essay suggests framing the concrete case within the framework of the so-called “in-house” company. This does not rule out the application of the private investor test in normal market conditions, which – if disregarded – can overcome the indistinction typical of “in-house” companies.
Long-term socio-economic impact of COVID-19 on sport sector
2021
The nature of the Covid-19 pandemic’s induced economic crisis is unprecedented: beyond the repeated health and economic shocks, the long-term effects on human capital, productivity and behaviour may also be long-lasting. One of the sectors hit particularly severe by the impacts of Covid-19 is sport. The very existence and work of sport organisations, clubs, professional sport leagues, fitness centres, athletes, coaches, sport staff, sport volunteers and sport-related business, including sport event organisers and sport media, have been battling with staying afloat by cutting all unnecessary expenses and consolidating costs while also trying to maintain the community feel of bringing people …